Examination and development of effective methods in professional scientific communication through the use of contemporary tools and aids. Prerequisite: Admittance to the Earth and Ecosystem PhD program.

Examination of key research concepts and advances to discovery and problem solving in Earth and Ecosystem science. Prerequisites: Admittance to the Earth and Ecosystem Ph.D. program.

Various advanced topics in Earth and Ecosystem science are covered. Student participation is expected. May be repeated for a total of 6 credits. Prerequisite: Admittance to the Earth and Ecosystem PhD program.

Directed research supervised by an Earth and Ecosystem Science faculty member. May be repeated for a total of 30 credits. Prerequisite: Admittance to the Earth and Ecosystem PhD program.