Course Syllabus

FOSC2028 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis

Course Description

Bloodstain pattern analysis is a tool used in crime scene investigations to reconstruct events and evaluate statements. Lectures on terminology and theory coupled with practical laboratory exercises will provide students with the basic knowledge of bloodstain pattern analysis. The understanding of scientific principles related to bloodstain pattern analysis and its relation to case work will be explored in addition to the identification and documentation of bloodstains and bloodstain patterns.

Credit Hours

4

Prerequisites

FOSC 1206;

Terms Offered

Not Currently Offered

Outcomes

Altered Bloodstain Patterns
Define and recognize clotted and diluted stains.
Explain diffusion and capillarity in reference to bloodstains.
Examine various factors that affect the drying time of blood.
Determine various methods used to remove bloodstains at crime scenes or on evidence.
Examine the effects of fire and soot on bloodstains.
Recognize the pattern created by fly and insect activity in bloodstains.
Distinguish fly artifacts from human bloodstains.
Define and recognize void patterns.
Examine methods used to sequence bloodstains.
Bloodstain Formation Based on Physical Properties
Explain Newton’s 1st law of motion.
Explain and demonstrate how a drop of blood is formed.
Identify the shape of a blood drop falling through air.
Determine how the diameter of a blood drop is affected by distance fallen, volume and surface texture.
List the three bloodstain pattern categories.
Bloodstain Pattern Evaluation
Recognize how the scientific method is applied to Bloodstain Pattern Analysis.
List the steps for general processing of Bloodstain Patterns.
Identify areas where bloodstains are commonly found at scenes and determine the best processing and documentation methods (knife blocks, sinks, trash, doors, locks, etc).
Recognize the different surfaces, boundaries and limitations of vehicle scenes.
Determine how to document and process bloodstain patterns on victims (bodies).
Discuss how blood samples are properly collected and preserved.
Illustrate the importance of recognition of BSP before alterations in body transport occur.
Chemical Enhancement and Presumptive Testing
Identify presumptive tests that are specific for blood testing.
Explain the procedure for presumptive testing.
Differentiate between chemiluminescence and fluorescence and identify chemicals used for each.
Explain the procedure for using chemical enhancement reagents.
Identify various chemicals that can be used for bloodstain pattern enhancement.
State possible complications with chemical use.
Determination of Area of Convergence and Origin
Define Area of Convergence and Area of Origin.
Define blood spatter pattern.
Explain the trigonometric concepts that provide the basis for Area of Convergence and Area of Origin.
Explain how the angle of impact is formed.
Discuss the formula for calculating angle of impact.
Explain the procedure for determining the area of convergence and the area of origin.
List the proper documentation procedures.
Documentation of Bloodstain Evidence
List the required documentation methods.
Discuss what needs to be documented.
Discuss the proper methods for recording a video, photographing and sketching a bloodstain or bloodstain pattern
Explain the proper placement of the scale in the photograph.
Discuss the importance of lighting in photography.
Examine differences between indoor scenes, outdoor scenes and vehicle scenes.
Recognize the importance of clothing examination for bloodstain patterns.
Identify the methods and limitations of clothing examination.
History and Development of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis
Define blood.
Describe the objectives of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA).
Discuss the history of BPA.
State how bloodstain patterns are classified.
Determine the requirements for acceptance in the court system and as an expert witness in BPA.
Define SWGSTAIN.
Laboratory Skills
Use proper safety procedures using universal precautions.
Produce laboratory reports for each laboratory exercise.
Perform the necessary procedures to create bloodstains from various angles.
Demonstrate documenting the size and shape of various angles of bloodstains.
Perform dropping blood from various heights to determine the changes in diameter with changes in height.
Recognize the affects of surface texture on the diameter of a stain.
Demonstrate and identify transfer stains, splash stains, drip trails, passive stains.
Demonstrate the effects of height and motion on drip trails.
Distinguish between splash and drip patterns.
Demonstrate creation of impact patterns and cast-off stains.
Perform observation of the characteristics of an impact pattern and a cast-off stain.
Demonstrate creating various transfer patterns using a variety of objects.
Identify the source of numerous transfer patterns based on observable characteristics.
Demonstrate creating and recognizing projected blood stains.
Demonstrate how to properly determine the directionality of bloodstains.
Demonstrate how to properly measure bloodstains.
Demonstrate how to determine the angle of impact of bloodstains using the proper formula.
Demonstrate how to determine the area of convergence and the area of origin of an impact stain using acceptable methods.
Demonstrate how to properly document the AoC and the AoO.
Demonstrate how to devise experiments to document drying times based on different scenarios.
Demonstrate how to photograph various bloodstains using proper photography techniques.
Use presumptive tests and enhancement reagents to illustrate color changes, positive reactions and pattern enhancement.
Demonstrate how to complete a final project including the determination of the Area of Convergence and the Area of Origin, recognition of various stain patterns and determination of the source of transfer stains.
Medical and Anatomical Aspects of Bloodshed
Identify the factors that determine the rate of bleeding.
Describe the circulation of blood.
Describe the components of blood and its relative volume.
Determine how blood can be lost by medical conditions.
Determine how blood can be lost by injuries.
Classify various injury patterns from gunshot wounds.
Define rigor mortis, livor mortis and other postmortem changes.
Passive Bloodstains
Define passive bloodstains.
Recognize the effect of surface texture on passive stains.
Define and demonstrate drip patterns, satellite stains, drip trails, and splashed bloodstains.
Distinguish between a splash pattern and drip pattern.
Define blood pools, saturation stains, and transfer patterns.
Distinguish between a swipe and a wipe.
Physical and Biological Properties of Blood
Explain the purpose and functions of blood.
Determine the composition of blood.
Define viscosity, surface tension and relative density.
Explain and demonstrate how flight and stain characteristics are a function of physical properties.
Define adhesion, cohesion, capillary action, and relative density.
Understand the most up to date terminology provided by SWGSTAIN guidelines.
Spatter Patterns
Define blood spatter.
Explain and recognize how directionality of a bloodstain is determined.
Characterize the size, shape and distribution of the pattern.
Distinguish what determines the shape of spatters.
List the three mechanisms by which spatter can be produced (secondary, impact, projection).
Characterize satellite stains on vertical surfaces vs. horizontal surfaces.
List the three mechanisms that produce impact spatter.
Contrast forward and back spatter.
Contrast sharp and blunt force trauma.

Required Textbooks/Materials

TBA

Institutional Mission

Atlanta Technical College, a unit of the Technical College System of Georgia, provides lifelong educational opportunities and experiences through academic and innovative career preparation, service learning, and multiple program delivery modalities that lead to technical certificates, diplomas, and associate degrees and make student development and success possible in a competitive global economy

Required Technology

Participation in online courses requires reliable technology that meets current Blackboard Ultra and Respondus LockDown Browser standards.

A desktop or laptop computer running a supported operating system is required: Windows 10 or 11, macOS 11 (Big Sur) or later, or Chrome OS. Tablets and smartphones may be used to check announcements or view content; however, these devices are not reliable for completing assignments, quizzes, or exams, and some tools may not function as expected. Chromebooks may allow basic access but do not support all features or proctored testing tools.

The latest version of Google Chrome is the recommended browser for Blackboard Ultra. Browsers should be kept up to date, with cookies and pop-ups enabled for full functionality.

A stable broadband internet connection (DSL or cable recommended) is required. A wired connection is strongly advised during tests or video conferencing sessions to prevent interruptions.

Recommended software includes Microsoft 365 (available to ATC students at no cost), Adobe Acrobat Reader for viewing PDF files, and up-to-date audio and video drivers for multimedia use. Systems should maintain current antivirus protection and regular updates to ensure compatibility and security.

For best performance, browsers should be cleared of cached data regularly, and Blackboard’s Browser Checker (available on the Blackboard login page) should be used to verify system compatibility.

Blackboard

Once you have access to Blackboard you will be enrolled in the Student Learning Community Organization (SLC).  The SLC offers Blackboard training and other valuable college resources. 

Select this link to review the Bb Technical Support Guide

Attendance

The educational programs at Atlanta Technical College reflect those requirements and standards that are necessary for future successful employment in business and industry. Employers expect their employees to be present and to be on time for work each and every day. Likewise, Atlanta Technical College expects each student to be present and to be on time each and every day for all classes. Absences prevent students from receiving full course benefits, disrupt orderly course progress, and diminish the quality of group interaction in class. The college considers both tardiness and early departure from class as forms of absenteeism. 

Instructors have both the right and the responsibility to develop reasonable attendance expectations appropriate to the type, level, delivery method, and frequency of class meetings for their courses; communicate the expectations to students clearly via their syllabi addenda; and apply the consequences of failing to meet the expectations fairly and consistently to all enrolled students.

Instructors are responsible for determining whether work missed may be made up, and any make-up work allowed is scheduled at the discretion of instructors. Procedures for make-up work are detailed in syllabi addenda. 

Documented absences for military duty, observed religious holidays, judicial proceedings in response to a subpoena, summons for jury duty, or other court-ordered process which requires the attendance of the student at the judicial proceeding are excused. Students absent from class for any reason are still responsible for all work missed. Students should enroll only in those classes that they can reasonably expect to attend on a regular basis. 

Students who stop attending classes without officially withdrawing from class risk earning a final grade of F.  If a student does not officially withdraw the instructor may issue a final grade of F and the last date of attendance, which will be last day that the student attended class or participated in an academically related activity.

In the event of severe weather or other emergencies, students are expected to continue participating in learning activities via Blackboard, @student.atlantatech.edu email account, or other modality.

Failure to attend class the first week may result in students being turned in as no-shows. See No-Show Policy for further information.

Course Withdrawal

WITHDRAWAL POLICY

The sole responsibility to officially withdraw from any class(es) or the College lies with the student. The effective date of withdrawal is the date the student notifies the college of the withdrawal.
Students have the privilege of dropping a course during the first three instructional days of each semester, through their BANNERWEB account, without the drop becoming a part of your permanent academic record and without it affecting your financial aid.

Please remember, any amount charged against student financial aid (PELL/Scholarships...etc.) in the bookstore will be owed back to the College.

The following criteria has been established for students who elect to withdraw after the third day of classes:

  • Beginning the fourth day of the term and through 60% of the term, students can withdraw from classes via their BANNERWEB account. Students who elect to withdraw during this period will receive a grade of “W” on the official academic record and will not receive a refund of applicable tuition and fees.
  • After the “W” (or 60%) through the end of the term (last day of class), students can withdraw from classes via their BANNERWEB account. Students who elect to withdraw during this period will receive a grade of “F” on the official academic record and will not receive a refund of applicable tuition and fees.
  • Students are prohibited from withdrawing from any class(es) during final exam week.

Students who choose to not withdraw from classes will be classified as abandoning the course. Abandoning a course instead of following official withdrawal procedures may result in a failing grade assigned by the instructor and financial aid adjustments to the student’s account, if applicable.

HARDSHIP WITHDRAWAL

The intent of a “Hardship Withdrawal” is to remove the negative effect of absences that are beyond the control of the student - if those absences affected the student’s ability to withdraw by the deadline or occurred after the posted withdrawal deadline.
The hardship withdrawal submission period opens after the W (or 60%) posted date. A hardship withdrawal, if approved, is defined as a withdrawal after the 60% deadline. A student may petition for a hardship withdrawal by submitting the “Hardship Withdraw Request Form” from the Office of the Registrar. Hardship withdrawals MUST be requested no later than the end of the following semester for which the withdrawal is requested.
• (e.g.- to submit a request for a Spring Semester course, the Office of the Registrar must receive the request no later than the last day of the Summer Semester).
Examples of a reason to submit a hardship withdrawal includes, but is not limited to, hospitalization of the student, death in the immediate family, or military duty. A request must include verifying documentation of the extenuating circumstances.
If a hardship withdrawal is requested/granted, it will include all classes for the given term. Only one hardship withdrawal is allowed per student while enrolled at ATC. The final decision as decided by the Office of Academic & Student Affairs regarding the hardship withdrawal is final and not subject to appeal.

Grading Scale

Grades are issued at the end of each semester. A grade of "C" or better is required for most programs in all classes for graduation. However, there are some programs that may require a “B” or better; therefore, it is recommended that students consult with their specific program advisor.

 

Grades

Numerical Equivalent

Grade Points

A

90-100

4

B

80-89

3

C

70-79

2

D

60-69

1

F

0-59

0

Other grades allowed by Atlanta Technical College include:

 

EX

Exempted by Examination

Not Computed

W

Withdrew

Not Computed (Only Given Before 60% Deadline)

TR

Transfer Credit

Not Computed (Displayed as TRA, TRB, or TRC – See Below)

AU

Audited

Not Computed

S

Satisfactory

Not Computed

U

Unsatisfactory

Not Computed

I

Incomplete*

Not Computed

*Course Requirements for removal of an incomplete must be satisfactorily completed prior to the following semester’s mid-term date.

I Indicates that student has an "incomplete" but has satisfactorily completed a substantial portion of the course work. For NON-ACADEMIC reasons beyond their control, the student has not been able to complete some specific part or amount of the work required. An "I" must be satisfactorily changed to a letter grade by the midpoint of the next semester, or it will be changed to the grade of "F" by the Office of Enrollment Services. Students must get approval from the instructor prior to the end of the semester to be eligible for an "I" grade. No credit is given and no grade points are calculated.

IP Indicates that a course continues beyond the end of the semester. An “IP” must be satisfactorily changed to a letter grade by the midpoint of the next semester, or it will be changed to the grade of “F” by the Office of Enrollment Services. No Credit is given and no grade points are calculated.

W Students who withdraw before the 60% point of the semester receive a grade of “W” Withdrew. No credit is given and no grade points are calculated.

EXE Indicates that a student has exempted a course through examination or through the articulated Tech Prep programs. Credit is given but grade points are not calculated. Instructors must submit an Exemption Form to the Office of Enrollment Services to report an exemption.

EXP Indicates the student has been awarded transfer credit though essential learning/prior learning assessment

TR Indicates that a student has been awarded transfer credit from AP. CLEP or IB examinations.

TRA, TRB, TRC Indicates that a student has been awarded transfer credit from another institution. Credit is given but no grade points are calculated. If a student earns credit for a course taken at Atlanta Technical College for which transfer credit has been awarded, then the transfer credit will be deleted from the student's record.

TRM Indicates that a student has been awarded transfer credit from their military experience.

AC Indicates articulated credit earned by students as a part of formal articulation agreements.

AU Indicates an audited course. No grade is given, no credit hours are earned and grade points are not calculated. Auditing a course must be initiated during the registration process. Approval for an audit cannot be granted after participation in classroom instruction. Instructors must submit an Audit Form to the Office of Enrollment Services to report an audit. Audited classes are not eligible for financial aid.

Z indicates students whose academic performance was affected by the COVID-19 global pandemic. A grade of Z is the functional equivalent of a grade of W; the course in which a student received a Z grade does factor into total credit hours attempted for financial aid calculations but does not affect overall GPA.

Student Handbook

All policies and procedures are listed in the Student Handbook, including procedures for filing a grievance.  Select this link to review the Student Handbook.

Academic Integrity

Academic integrity is expected at all times. Any student found to have engaged in academic misconduct such as cheating, plagiarism, or collusion is subject to disciplinary sanctions as outlined in the Student Code of Conduct detailed in the ATC Catalog and Student Handbook.

Essential Workplace Skills

A Workplace Essential Skills grade will be given each semester for specified courses. The Workplace Essential Skills grade will not affect the academic grade point average (GPA) of a student; that is, Workplace Essential Skills grades remain separate from academic grades. Workplace Essential Skills grades will be reported each semester.

The Workplace Essential Skills program is designed to evaluate and encourage good work habits that ensure job retention and career advancement.

Employability skills refer to the basic academic, interpersonal, reasoning, problem solving skills, and Workplace Essential Skills that, when transferred to the occupational settings, facilitate job acquisition, retention, and advancement.

The Essential Workplace Skills:

1. Leadership
2. Communication
3. Organization
4. Productivity
5. Teamwork
6. Professionalism
7. Resourcefulness

Students of core and program courses will receive a Workplace Essential Skills grade. Instructors will give Workplace Essential Skills assignments throughout the semester. Workplace Essential Skills grades are optional for developmental courses and for grades of W, WF, or WP. Workplace Essential Skills grades will not be used for grades of AC, AU, EX, I, IP, or TR.

Approved Workplace Essential Skills Grades

3 = Exceeds Expectations

2 = Meets Expectations

1 = Needs Improvement

0 = Unacceptable

Bookstore

Most books and supplies are available at the college bookstore. Books may be purchased there or rented at a reduced rate: Atlanta Tech Bookstore

Learning Resources

The student is expected and encouraged to use the school library which is located on the main campus in building G. The library has media equipment for faculty and staff use for instructional purposes. There are over 130 computers, a multimedia room equipped with audio and audiovisual resources, and printing, copying, faxing, and scanning services. Seating is available throughout the library along with study carrels, six study rooms for reserve, one conference room and a Digital Classroom used for class instruction. Atlanta Technical College's library operating hours are Monday-Thursday, 8:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.; Friday, 8:00 a.m. – 2:00 p.m. Students may use the library located at Atlanta Metropolitan State College, or any other library within their access, to gather further information about the topic under discussion in class, or about any topic of interest to the student. If a particular resource cannot be obtained at the ATC Library, a student may use the Interlibrary Loan (ILL) service to locate the item(s). This service borrows books, articles and other resources from other libraries within the region. The ILL form may be accessed via the webpage under the Library’s home page. Students are also expected and encouraged to use available Internet resources, as well as relevant periodicals, books, and electronic resources. Most course textbooks may be checked out for a two-hour, in-house library use only.

Tutorial Support

Tutorial support is available by each instructor during designated office hours. Remediation/tutorial support may be teacher or student initiated depending on the student’s progress. Several programs of study offer services through peer counselors and mentors. Atlanta Technical College also offers math, English, reading, and study skills tutorials through the Academic Success Center. Located in room 2118, the Academic Success Center provides an open study area, face-to-face tutorial, Internet access, and various tutorial computer software. Students may also find out how to access our 24/7 online tutorial programs by visiting the Academic Success Center. The Academic Success Center’s operating hours are Monday-Thursday, 9:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m.; Friday, 9:00a.m. – 2:00 p.m.

 

Financial Aid

The Financial Aid office is located in the Dennard Building, Room 125, and the phone number is 404.225.4716. Financial Aid information, resources, and specialists are located on our Atlanta Tech website: Financial Aid.

For information about tuition & fees, refunds and payment plans visit The Office of Student Accounts.

Non-Discrimination Policy

As set forth in its student catalog, Atlanta Technical College does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national or ethnic origin, gender, religion, disability, age, political affiliation or belief, veteran status, or citizenship status (except in those special circumstances permitted or mandated by law). For further information regarding these laws (Title VI and IX) contact the College's Title IX, Section 504 Coordinator in the Student Support Services office in the Academic Building, Suite C1109.

For more information about Title VI and Title IX, contact the College’s Title IX and Section 504 Coordinator in the Student Support Services Office, Academic Building, Suite C1109.

American with Disabilities Act

Atlanta Technical College strives to provide equal access to education for all students. Students with a documented disability are eligible to receive reasonable academic adjustments and auxiliary aids in the classroom and/or for testing at Atlanta Technical College once the appropriate documentation of the disability has been submitted to the Director of Student Services.

To request reasonable accommodations upon enrollment (Section 504/ADA), please contact the Resource Accommodation Specialist located in the Student Support Services office at Atlanta Technical College, Academic and Student Affairs Division, Academic Building, Suite C1109.

Special Populations

Special Populations services are available to meet the needs of qualifying students. Services include but are not limited to workshops and training on educational, employability, and life skills; institutional and community resources and referrals; and resource fairs. Special populations include:

  1. Single Parents - Individual with custody of a minor child or children.
  2. Single Pregnant Women.
  3. Displaced Homemakers - Adults who have been dependent on the income of a family member and no longer supported by that income, have been performing unpaid labor in the home and as a result have diminished marketable skills, and have difficulty securing employment.
  4. Economically Disadvantaged - Any student who is a Pell Grant recipient, or is receiving federal assistance such as Food Stamps and/or Medicaid.
  5. Individuals with other barriers to educational achievement, including individuals with limited English proficiency.

Please complete the Special Populations form State Enrollment System Information Form if you would like more information on the types of services available and if you qualify.

The Atlanta Technical College Resource Accommodation Specialist is located in the Student Support Services office in the Academic and Student Affairs Division, Academic Building, Suite C1109. 

Warranty

Curriculum standards have been developed with direct involvement of business and industry. These standards serve as the industry-validated specifications for each occupational program. The TCSG guarantee to every one of our students is this: If one of our graduates educated under a standard program or his/her employer finds that the graduate is deficient in one or more competencies as defined in the standards, the technical college will retrain the employee at no instructional cost to the employee or the employer. This guarantee is in effect for a period of two years after graduation.

Accreditation

Atlanta Technical College is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges (SACSCOC) to award associate degrees. Atlanta Technical College may also offer credentials such as certificates and diplomas at approved degree levels. Questions about the accreditation of Atlanta Technical College may be directed in writing to the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges at 1866 Southern Lane, Decatur, GA 30033-4097, by calling (404) 679-4500, or by using information available on SACSCOC’s website (www.sacscoc.org).

Continuation of Instruction Plan

All classes at Atlanta Technical College use the Blackboard Learning Management System which allows for the continuation of classes even if the school is closed due to inclement weather or any other reason.  In the event of school closure, continue to work on your class through Blackboard and be sure to check your Blackboard course and student email for class information from your instructor.